[Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type I-Associated Myelopathy].
نویسندگان
چکیده
Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy (HAM) is a chronic progressive myelopathy that is characterized by spastic paraparesis with bladder dysfunction that is derived from bilateral pyramidal tract involvement and neurogenic bladder, respectively. The primary neuropathological feature of HAM is chronic inflammation in the spinal cord, mainly the lower thoracic cord, which is characterized by perivascular cuffing and parenchymal infiltration of mononuclear cells. Although it is still unclear why only a very small proportion of HTLV-I carriers develop HAM, the key player in the pathogenesis of HAM is the increase of activated HTLV-I-infected cells in the peripheral blood. The exact cellular and molecular events underlying the induction of chronic inflammation in the spinal cord by HTLV-I are still unclear. However, a long-standing bystander mechanism, such as the destruction of surrounding nervous tissue by the interaction between HTLV-I-infected CD4+ T cells and HTLV-I-specific cytotoxic T cells in the spinal cord, with the cooperation of the positive feedback loop of inflammation that is derived from the migrated HTLV-I-infected cells is probably critical in the immunopathogenesis of HAM. In this review, recent advances in several fields toward the elucidation of the pathomechanisms concomitant with the establishment of new therapeutic strategies in HAM will be discussed along with an overview of the clinical features.
منابع مشابه
Effects of Danazol on Clinical Improvement of Patients with Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus Type I Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP ): A Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
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Human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is a retrovirus which is associated with adult T cells leukaemia (ATL) and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) in a minority of HTLV-I-infected individuals. It is not clear why a minority of HTLV-I-infected individuals develop HAM/TSP and majority remains lifelong carriers. It seems that the interaction between the v...
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To investigate candidate genes that influence the risk of HTLV-I associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), we analyzed 6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the interleukin-10 (IL-10) promoter region. METHODS: 280 cases of HAM/TSP patients and 255 HTLV-I seropositive asymptomatic carriers (HCs) from Kagoshima, Japan were studied. All subjects gave written informed conse...
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Journal of clinical pathology
دوره 46 3 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1993